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BASIC STEPS

One of the first things any student of music learns are the natural notes and their steps on the scale. The maor scale step pattern is as follows: whole, whole, half, whole, whole, whole, half. All keys, or any scale, can be built from any note using this pattern. The notes are altered to fit the pattern by adding sharps or flats. If an interval is too small, sharp the second note. If it is too large, flat the second note, but a scale will never have both sharps and flats. Writing out all the possible notes of an octave you would have.

C#/Db

D#/Eb

F#/Gb

G#/Ab

A#/Bb

This table shows the relationship between the notes, in terms of the steps taken to achieve the major scale interval pattern starting from our K (Key) note. There are no sharps or flats between B-C and E-F in every scale. If you see a B# or an E# that means the note played is a C and F respectively, but they are not written as C or F because you cannot have two notes the same in one scale such as F and F#. It would be E# and F# on that scale.

1H	m2
2H	A2
1W	M2
1W+1H	m3
2W	M3
2W+1H	P4
2W+2H	d5
3W	A4
3W+1H	P5
3W+2H	m6
4W+1H	M6
4W+2H	m7
5W+1H	M7
5W+2H	P8

These steps also form a pattern on intervals ear training studies in a relative way.by counting how many steps are between two particular notes. C-D is one whole step. C-F are 2 whole steps and 1 half step. From here we can say that one whole step is a M2 and 2 whole steps and one half step is a P4. This step relationship is in the table below:
These step intervals are built on a C scale. Try to imagine a C scale running on in to infinity. You can use any note in that scale to write a song. Now nobody writes songs that use exact intervals like C-D, C-E, C-F, etc. as the intervals are taught. The notes are pretty random. So if you wanted to know the intervals between D and E or B and G on a C scale, this is the technique used. In essence it is the technique used for any Key. I have made a primitive tool that makes it easy to find the intervals. It can be found HERE. If you want to see my worksheet at arriving at these intervals it can be found HERE.